Basics of Embedded systems 8051

Now-a-days, our lives become more dependent on 'embedded systems'. Embedded Systems are those systems in which a small Chip is programmed to perform a certain function. Embedded system is dedicated to particular tasks. Some embedded systems are mass-produced. 8051 is the basic Micro-controller used.

8051 Over view :

The 8051 family of micro controllers are based on an architecture which is highly optimized for embedded systems. The Intel 8051 is an 8-bit microcontroller which means limited to 8 bits. Powerful and carefully chosen electronics embedded in the microcontrollers can independently or via input/output devices (switches, LCD displays, push buttons, sensors, relays etc.), control various processes and devices.

Features that have made the 8051 popular are:

• 4 KB on chip program memory.
• 128 bytes on chip data memory(RAM)

The basic 8051 architecture consists of the following features:

•  an eight bit ALU
•  32 descrete I/O pins (4 groups of 8) which can be individually accessed
•  two 16 bit timer/counters
•  Six interrupt sources with two priority levels
•  full duplex UART
•  separate 64KB address spaces for DATA and CODE memory
•  128 bytes of on board RAM

8051 Addressing Modes:

• Immediate Addressing
• Direct Addressing
• Indirect Addressing
• External Direct
• Code Indirect

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